Vibrator



May 30, 1933. G. B. PlcKoP VIBRATOR Filed oct. 16,1931

ne) I Swix/nto@ Patented May 30, 1933 UNITED STATES GEORGE B. PICKUP, 0F NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOP TO INIALLEABLE IRON PAT FITTINGS COMPANY, OF BRANFORD, CONNECTICUT VIBRATOR Application led October 16, 1931. Serial No. 569,239.

This invention relates to vibrators and more particularly to a fluid-operated vibrator provided with a hollow casing or cylinder and a reciprocatory piston operating therewithin. Vibrators of this type are commonly operated by compressed air, and it is, of course, necessary to insure that the operating fluid passes first to one end and then to the other end of the cylinder in order that the piston be kept in operation. This is usually accomplished by providing air passages in the wall of the casing and so forming the piston that the parts of the piston, itself, will serve to cut o or permit communication between the source of compressed air and the ends of the cylinder, so that no valve and valve gear is required to edect continuous reciprocation of the piston.

In the past, it has been considered necessary to provide a number of passages, usual- 'ly four, there being two at each end, in the vibrator casing, and to connect these passages with the interior of the casing or cylinder by transverse ports or passages. Usually six of these latter ports are required. I have found, however, that by making certain more or less simple changes in the piston, I am enabled to omit a number of the longitudinal and transverse passages `in the vibrator body and thus substantially reduce the cost of manufacture of the vibrator, and at the same time produce an efficiently operating device which will operate positively and effectively.

One objectof my invention is the provision of a vibrator which will be eiiicient in operation and at the same time be economical to manufacture.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a vibrator comprising a casing and a piston reciprocating therein, in which the operating fluid will be conducted from the central portion of the casing to the end portions by passages formedin the piston, thus reducing the number of passages required to be formed in the vibrator casing.

Still another object of the inventiton is the provision of an improved fluid-operatedY vibrator which may be manufactured more economically than those in Vuse uat Vthe present time.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing:

kdescribed Fig. 3 is a sectional View on line 3 3 ofV Fig. 2;

Fig. 41 is a top plan view of the reciprocating piston, and

Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of the same.

The vibrator which I have chosen to illustrate and describe as a preferred embodiment of my invention comprises a casing 10, bored out to provide a cylinder 11, the ends of which are closed by the heads 12 and 13 which, as shown, may be threadedly secured to the vibrator body or casing 10. Within the cylinder a reciprocatory piston 111 is disposed, and, as will be more fully explained hereinafter, this piston is designed to be operated by a fluid under pressure such as compressed air so that it will be reciprocated in a back and forth movement and strike against the heads 12 and 13 to set up vibrations in the casing 10 and, through the attaching member 15 in any object V16 to which the vibrator may be secured.

. It will be noted that, as shown in Fig. 2,

the bore 11 is eccentric to the casing 10 so as to leave a considerable amount of metal at one side, in this instance the upper-side of the casing. In this portion of the casing are provided the longitudinal air passages 17 and 18 which may be conveniently formed by being drilled from the ends of the casing, the openings being afterwards closed by the plugs 19 and 20. It will be noted that it is only necessary to drill one of these passages in each end of the casing.

Communicating bores or passages 21, 22, 23 and 24 are then formed transversely of the passages 17 and 18 to effect communication between these passages and the interior Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a vibratorl Vec or cylinder of the vibrator body. These bores may be conveniently formed by drilling through the top of the casing and closing the outer ends of the bores with plugs 25. The casing is also provided with a threaded opening 26 leading into the cylinder, within which opening may be secured a proper connection (not shown) leadingto a suitable supply of fluid pressure such as compressed air.

'The :piston 14, as shown in Figs. 4 and, is provided with reducedend portions '27 and 28, and a number of annular grooves, there being three of such grooves 29, 130 and 3l in the piston illustrated. The groove 30 is formed at substantially the central portionof the piston, the others 29 and Blbeing disposed between this central groove and the end'portions. A slot 82 Vserves to -conneet-the groove 30 with the grooves 29and 3l, 4which slot may be conveniently formed by a milling operation. It will be apparent from this construction that any fluid pressure Ireaching the groove 30 will be communicated by the slot 32 to the end grooves 29 :and 3l. Exhaust ports 33 and 34 are formed in the casing adjacent the ends of the cylinder to permit the venting of the pressure fluid at the end of the stroke of the piston.

Referring to Fig. 2 of the drawing, it willbe observed that the grooves 29 and 3l are spaced apart a distance less than zthatbetween the ports 22 and 23, and that xthe stroke of the piston is of such length that the groove 30 is always in communication with the opening 26 leadin-g tothe source of compressed air. The spring 35, as is well understood, is intended only to insure that the piston will come to rest at one end of the casing, as in operation the .piston will be driven Vin both directions by fluid pressure.

The operation of my device may now be briefly described. Vith the parts in vthe position shown in Fig. 2, the piston being held at the right-hand end of the cylinder by the spring 35, a fluid under pressure, such vas compressed air, is admitted through the opening 26. The compressed air so admitted enters the groove 30 and vis carried by the slot 32 to t-he grooves 29 and 3l regardless of the position of this slot, for `it will be understood that the piston in its operation may rotate within the cylinder so thatthe slot 32 may not always lie directly below vthe opening 26. It will be observed that the groove 3l is in communication ywith the port 23,`while the port 22 is closed by the solid part of the piston beyond the groove 29, the left-hand end of the cylinder being in communication with the `exhaust port 33 at this' time. The compressed air, therefore, may enter the port 23, but is Vprevented :from entering the port 22. This air the cylinder being exhausted through the r port 34. The source of compressed airis atthattime cut-olf vfromthe right-hand end ofthe piston, but placed in communication with the left-hand end through the passage 17 and port 2lso\that it will act against the left-hand end and drive the piston to the right.

ltwill, therefore,be apparent-that acontinuous :reciprocating vmovement vof the pistonwill beeffect'edas longfas theopening 26 is `in'communication witha source of-compressed air, zandthatthis air will be alternatelyadmit-tedto and cut off fromrtheends of .thefcylinder, and 'that this is Vaccomplished with a minimunrnumber of passages in :the vibrator casing inconjunction with the slot 32 formed Vin the piston. As sthis slot fmay vbe formed yby a milling operation aconsiderable economy :is achieved in'the manufacture of the device.

yWhile I have lshown and described a pre- 1ferred:embodiment of ymy invention, it will be :understood that it is not to Abe .limited to all of the details shown, kbut is capable of modification and variation within the spirit of the inventionand within the scope ofthe appended claims. Y

`l/Vhat I claim is:

l. A @vibrator comprisinga `casing having a cylinder formed therein, aipiston mounted to reciprocate in said casing,`said casing being Aprovided lwith a substantially centrally located openingextending through the wall thereof to communicate with the cylinder, said piston ybeing provided with .an intermediate annular groove substantially midway between rit-s ends, andan outer `annular groove between said first-named groove and each 'endlof 'the piston, the surface 4of said piston being provided with a longitudinal groove extending from one of said outer annular igroovesto 4the other'and 1passing .through said intermediate groove, and said casing wall being provided with passages leading from points adjacent the outer annular grooves of Ithe piston tothe ends of the cylinder.

.2. A vibratorcomprising a casing having a cylinder formed therein, a piston mounted to reciprocate in said casing, said casing being provided with a substantially centrally located opening extending through the wall thereof `to communicate with the cylinder, said piston being provided with an intermediate annular groove substantially mid- Way between its ends, and an outer annular groove between said first-named groove and each end of the piston, the surface of said piston being provided With a longitudinal groove extending from one of said outer annular grooves to the other and passing through said intermediate groove, and said casing Wall being provided with passages leading from points adjacent the outer annular grooves of the piston to the ends of the cylinder, said longitudinal groove comprising a milled slot in the surface of the piston, the ends of which terminate in the outer annular grooves. Y

ln Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day of October, 1931.

GEORGE B. PICKOP. 

